Radiographic and gammagraphic inspections are methods of non-destructive tests that use ionizing radiation in order to verify the integrity of pieces or parts of them. This is done by the radiography of the affected area that is the projection of the piece image on the film that will be characterized by darker areas (lower opacity of the material to radiation ) and lighter areas ( most of opacity) ; this difference in the localized density of the component creates differences in the blackening of the film areas allowing us to detect the presence of defects that will appear (with the exception of special cases) such as areas most exposed of the film itself . These type of controls are based on the use of x-rays generated by x-ray equipment (emitting directional or panoramic beam) or gamma rays emitted by radioactive isotopes (such as Cobalt -60 , Iridium -192 and Selenium -75; the most used elements in industrial gammagraphy) .These techniques are generally used for the detection of defects in the production of pipe welds, carpentry welds, materials in general, castings, electronic cards and sometimes even on works of art allowing qualitative inspection of volumetric type of the structural characteristics and ensuring the identification of defects also lying within the pieces.
